The, Parks And Recreation, Leslie Knope, And Feminism Essay

Parks and Recreation, Leslie Knope, and Feminism As a predecessor of NBC’s The Office, Parks and Recreation (or PR for short,) had big shoes to fill. Both shows were created by Greg Daniels and Mike Schur, and at first, PR did not impress many, as its ratings were low. The first season seemed not to have a place, like a show trying to be something it was not, until it found its footing. Feminism was the missing piece of the puzzle. The show went on to become a success- arguably more so than The Office. So what separates the two? PR eventually gave us something The Office never did: real world issues, served up with clever wit. The fictional worlds most television shows take place in, are almost entirely post-feminist. Unlike these sexism-free utopias, PR normalizes feminism, reminding us that it exists and is important; it is the stepping stone we need to further conversations about inequality. While the text of PR is consistently the most obviously empowering aspect of the sh ow, production practices and audience consumption are also rich with evidence of this series’ feminist potential. It’s important to clarify that when I say feminism, I am talking about â€Å"liberal feminism,† or, â€Å"white feminism.† The kind of feminism you see in PR is â€Å"women having a seat at the table,† or â€Å"breaking the glass ceiling† feminism. The show lacks intersectional views and never touches upon racial, class or LGBT issues. Whether or not the use of liberal feminism is problematic or not,Show MoreRelatedLeslie Knope s Privilege And White Feminism Essay1929 Words   |  8 PagesLeslie Knope’s Privilege and White Feminism in Parks And Recreation Parks And Recreation is a work place comedy utilizing dry humor to comment on the current American government system. The main character, Leslie Knope, is a white middle-aged cis-gender female who loves capitalist government, breakfast foods, and strongly believes that if you put in the hard work you can overcome anything. The show succeeds in demonstrating a women in a position of power, climbing through the ranks, and assuminglyRead MoreAnalysis Of Abc s Fice Essay1981 Words   |  8 PagesAs a predecessor of NBC’s The Office, both created by Greg Daniels and Mike Schur, Parks and Recreation (or PR for short) had big shoes to fill. At first, the show did not impress many, and its ratings were low. The first season seemed not to have a place, like a show trying to be something it was not, until it found its footing. Feminism was the missing piece of the puzzle. The show went on to become a success- even more so than The Office. So what separates the two? PR eventually gave us somethingRead MoreBen Wyatt s Wife And Parks And Recreation Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Ben Wyatt’s wife† and Parks and Recreation In the television series Parks and Recreation, feminism is an underlying theme, it’s a one liner, or it’s in the background. But, in season seven, episode nine- â€Å"Pie-Mary,† feminism, sexism and gender inequality are all front and center. This episode centers around Leslie and Ben (who is running to be a congressman) and their decision to skip the â€Å"Pie-Mary,† a pie baking contest between candidates wives, because their agenda is already so full. The backlashRead MoreModern Feminism Of The Abc, Television Show Park And Recreation Essay1980 Words   |  8 Pages Modern Feminism In the NBC, television show Park and Recreation, â€Å"Pie-Mary†, Ben Knope declares, â€Å"I’m sorry, this whole thing makes me queasy. I love how independent my wife is and because of that I will not let her speak. That came out wrong. The point is, Leslie is a great mother, public servant-all around person. And I am tired of everyone constantly telling her that she is making the wrong choice.† Over a century ago, women embraced their rights and independence as equals to men. Since

Ancient Greek Vs. Medieval Theater - 1154 Words

Each theatrical work reflects the culture and moment in time it is made in. The work does this by exemplifying the values and beliefs of its culture and time. Ancient Greek theater reflects ancient Greek values and beliefs, such as the importance of the gods. Medieval theater portrays Medieval beliefs and values, like the values of community and religion. This can be said for post-modern works as well. Post-modern theater, although it seems fractured, reflects the culture, sub-culture, and time of its creation. Although post-modern theater does not share all unanimous ideals, like previous theatrical works, it is still a product of one culture. The post-modern culture seems fractured because it includes multiple different groups. This is shift from the narrower perspective, like the just Greek or just Medieval European point of view, is due to increased communication. In the post-modern era it is much easier to communicate with anyone around the world. With the increase of communication, especially since the ancient Greek and Medieval times, there has been in increase in sharing beliefs and values. With more people communicating more voices can be heard. This saturates the post-modern era with different ideals, almost to the point of seeming fractured. That is not the case though; the increasing number of different beliefs is a post-modern belief in itself. The large sum of differentiating beliefs perpetuates one unanimous post-modern belief. This is the belief and valueShow MoreRelatedFate Vs. Free Will2263 Words   |  10 PagesAncient Greek Mythology has one side on fate vs free will. They feel as though you have no ultimate choice and fate will always be your destiny. However, that does not mean everyone follows their destined path until death. In Homer’s The Iliad, fate and destiny as the final outcomes of a person’s life, however, at some points you wonder if a person’s destiny falls directly in the decisions made by someone. Hektor and Achilles both had choices, but ultimately believed they must follow their destinyRead MoreArt History7818 Words   |  32 Pagespapyrus plant • Brightly painted • Recessed into the wall • Dont serve any structural purpose • Simply there for aesthetics • Use to break-up the monotony of the wall #61607; Pg. 54 Ââ€" Pyramid Complex at Giza • Only one of the 7 wonders of the ancient world (oldest and largest wonder) • Pyramid of Khufu o Right-most pyramid o Largest o Oldest • Pyramid of Khafre o Center • Pyramid of Menkaure o Left o Smallest o Newest #61607; Who built the pyramids? • Probably not slaves • BuiltRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.............................................................................. 299 CHAPTER 10 Deductive Reasoning .......................................................................................... 312 x Implying with Certainty vs. with Probability ................................................................................ 312 Distinguishing Deduction from Induction ..................................................................................... 319 Review of MajorRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesWineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History

Healthcare Practice and Policy Considerations-Samples for Students

Question: Demonstrates how the Gibb's reflective cycle helped an understanding of self and alternative view. Answer: Introduction The critical analysis of any issue or event through reflection cycle is helpful in increasing knowledge and understanding of the professional practice in aspects of behaviour and values in the healthcare and determines how behaviour will change in the future. It provide an insight into a particular incident that contribute to personality development and aids in ensuring continuous learning and role improvement. In the similar way, the analysis of the healthcare issue through reflective cycle helped to gain an insight into the importance of issue and uncertainties around healthcare practice and policy considerations. The incident took place during the second year of the placement while working at the surgical ward. During the wound examination, the doctor examined the wound without washing the hands with soap or alcohol. It was astonishing and surprising for healthcare professionals to exhibit such a malpractice in this profession, as hand hygiene is the simplest activity for cross-infection reduction. The five moments of hand hygiene also reduces the infection rates by cleaning hands in the right way and time. Therefore, in the next section, analysis of this incident through Gibbs reflection cycle will be done followed by uncertainty of health practice or policy and actions required to enhance hand hygiene in professional health practice. Gibbs reflection cycle Incident The incident occurred during the second year of my nursing placement. I was assigned to work in the surgical ward and under the supervision of my senior. My mentor instructed me to take care of a seventy-year old man. The patient had undergone abdominal surgery and was instructed for wound dressing removal for the doctor to examine during the round off. I removed the wound dressing under his guidance through a non-touch procedure. I cleaned the wound as instructed. At that moment, my mentor was called for visiting another patient and was advised to stay with the patient until the doctor come for the visit. The doctor was busy examining another patient and to my surprise, I noticed that doctor came straight to my patient and started examining his wound. Before examining my patients wound, the doctor without using alcohol or soap wash. I also noticed that doctors sleeves were long and concerned cuff contamination with the wound. At that time, I thought of what to do or say to the doctor by summoning courage, I realized that it was too late as the doctor was already examining my patient. Feelings This incident alarmed me. It is expected that being a healthcare professional, he would wash his hands with soap or alcohol before examining the patient. However, it did not happen and was astonished by the incident. I felt intimidated that as he is a doctor, he would be more experienced as compared to a nursing student. I did not want to embarrass him and kept quiet. I did not confront the doctor in front of the patient, as it would concern the patient. However, I gathered some courage and later spoke to my senior about this incident. He suggested that he would talk to the doctor about the whole incident. My mentor took and spoke to the doctor aside. My mentor asked the doctor that whether he had washed his hands before examining the patient. He looked shocked and was alarmed. He said that he had a busy schedule and missed it. Finally, my mentor discussed the five moments of hand hygiene and he assured my mentor that he will wash his hands before touching any patient in the future Evaluation This incident was shocking for me. It was also surprising for me. I regret that I would have acted before the doctor examined the patient. However, by the time, I had summoned courage; the doctor already examined the patient. However, I was pleased that the doctor responded in a positive manner when my mentor confronted him. He was empathetic when my mentor provided feedback and I have observed that he had changed his practice after the incident happened. I have also learned the importance of assertiveness with my colleagues and most importantly the five moments of hand hygiene for best health practice. Analysis Hand hygiene is the most important factor to prevent hospital related infection rates and cross-contamination. According to World Health Organization (WHO), one in 25 patients who are admitted in hospital suffer from hospital borne infections. Even the healthcare professionals are at risk for infection as they are in continuous contact with the patients. This prevention of infections is important in medical setting. It safeguards the patients and ensures highest quality of care in the healthcare. The improvement of hand hygiene is important to prevent and reduce the spread of hospital-associated infections. Recent guidelines provided by the Department of Australian Commission on Quality and Safety in Health Care (ACSQHC) states the maximization of implementation of hand hygiene practices. The Nursing and Midwifery Council Code of Professional Conduct, (Section 8), states that nurses have the responsibility to identify the risk and try to minimize to safeguard patient safety and deliv er highest quality of care. This statement greatly implies in this incident as the patient was under the supervision of my mentor. Moreover, for a student nurse, it is important to apply this hand hygiene practice in daily practice and has the responsibility to make others aware of it (Sickbert-Bennett et al. 2016). Apart from hand hygiene, assertiveness is also important for the nursing profession. Nurses should work schematically for problem solving by unveiling constraints for effective nursing and in improving quality of care. For effective communication, one has to behave assertively and prevent barriers to assertiveness among the nurses. As the doctor was experienced than me, I was unable to challenge his practice and as a result, endangered the patient safety. This is the reason, assertive skills are important in nursing for effective communication and risk in healthcare settings. Action Plan In the future, I will try to develop my assertiveness working with my colleagues that would ensure the patient safety and highest quality of care. It is my goal to make my colleagues aware of the importance of five moments of hand hygiene to provide the best quality of care and in ensuring patient safety. In my next nursing placement, I will make a goal to enhance my learning to achieve assertive skills and work in collaboration in ensuring patient safety (Howatson-Jones 2016). Hand Hygiene Policy and health practice After the incident, I wanted to gain an insight into the evidence-based practices and policy considerations regarding five moments of hand hygiene. For this, I have gone through various peer-reviewed journals for literature review to understand the uncertainties in hand hygiene practices and policies related to hand hygiene. According to Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), practicing of hand hygiene is the simplest and effective way to prevent germs and infections by eradicating resistant antibiotics that are difficult to mitigate (Shinde and Mohite 2014). According to Salmon et al. (2015) the healthcare professionals should perform five moments of hand hygiene to prevent hospital associated infections spread and chances of cross-contamination. According to World Health Organization (WHO), patient-care activities transmit bacteria to the healthcare professionals during wound-care, respiratory tract, intravascular catheter care (White et al. 2015). During these activities, there are possibilities of healthcare professionals to get infected with patient body fluids and secretions or during clean contact like patients temperature, pulse or blood pressure. Various microorganisms come in contact after patient visit are Clostridium difficile, MRSA, Klebsiellaspp., Staphylococcus aureus,or gram-ne gative bacteria. Contact with contaminated surfaces can also cause spread of infection. Hospitals also have hand hygiene policies that are important to guide the employees for hand hygiene (Mumford et al. 2014). However, I personally feel that it is not possible to imply these policies in a healthcare organization. At the professional level, this issue of hand hygiene requires high degree of compliance to make changes in the organization to reduce infection rates. According to a recent report by CDC, one in 25 patients get infected with healthcare-associated infection during the hospital stay that add up to 722,000 total infection cases in a year. Out of this number, around 75,000 patients die due to infections as clinicians neglect the basic practice of hand hygiene to prevent infection spread (White et al. 2015). The five moments of hand hygiene is an effective hand hygiene way as outlined by WHO. These are performing hand hygiene before contacting a patient, before any aseptic task, after exposure to bodily fluids and after patient contact and after being in contact with the patient and contaminated surroundings. At the personal level, I think that these hand hygiene policies can only work when people show adherence to hand hygiene practices on a daily basis. According to WHO guidelines, an estimated 50% to 60% of people show adherence to these five moments of hand hygiene. However, this non-compliance to hand hygiene is unintentional (Kwok, Callard and McLaws 2015). In a study conducted by New South Wales (NSW) and Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) the clinicians and nursing staffs work under extreme demanding and stressful conditions and as a result, miss it (Kwok, Harris and McLaws 2017). In another study conducted by White et al. (2015) it highlighted the fact that one potential reason for hand hygiene non-compliance is that the target (pathogen) is visible. At the professional level, I feel that healthcare professionals do not realize the spread of infections by the carrying pathogens in their hands and pass to others. They are unable to understand how the pathogens are transmitted from contaminated hands to other patients when it may result in few days or months. Cost of time is another reason for their non-compliance to hand hygiene. A practice that is altruistic in nature makes them feel burdened to perform the task and nothing is there to reap the benefit (Srigley et al. 2015). In NSW Health, the Hand Hygiene Policy outlines the policies that minimize the risk of infection and prevent healthcare associated infections (Allegranzi et al. 2013). The policy sets out that medical staffs should perform hand hygiene by using soap and use of alcohol-based wash. In healthcare organizations, hand-washing facilities and Alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHR) should be available for all clinicians, medical staffs and visitors. There should be strict surveillance over the practice of good hand hygiene (Ellingson 2017). At the personal and professional level, I think this is possible through clinical audit in healthcare organizations on a monthly basis to reduce the rates of HAIs. Action plan to enhance the professional health practice Clinical auditing is the most effective action plan that can help to increase compliance to hand hygiene and in improving the quality of healthcare (Sickbert-Bennett et al. 2016). It is a clinical process that is well established and set out principles for the evidence-based practices. This clinical auditing will measure the compliance of hand hygiene by the clinicians and medical staffs. Clinical auditing is a measure of clinical governance where it provides opportunities for organizational change and hand hygiene adherence. It is an improvement process in the safety and quality of healthcare that outlines recommendations for compliance and behaviour change in reducing HAIs (Macinga et al. 2013). This can be performed through processing of outcome data after clinical audit measuring the hand hygiene compliance. The focused interviews and questionnaire obtained from the medical staffs and clinicians would help to evaluate the awareness among them regarding the infection control and adherence to hand hygiene. The evaluation of the interviews and questionnaires would help to determine the targeted group for behaviour change, its management and the potential barriers that hinder compliances. At the personal level, medical staffs and clinicians should understand the issue of hand hygiene that ensure patient safety and quality of healthcare. While working with patients, they should perform the five moments of hand hygiene at specific moments wither by alcohol wash or hand washing with soap. According to WHO, alcohol hand rub is the most easiest and effective method to perform hand hygiene on a daily basis in the healthcare delivery (Rawles 2014). However, it is also stated that hand rubs are not affordable and not available in many countries as said by WHO. Therefore, it is important to improve the affordability and accessibility of the hand rubs in saving lives while working in public and private collaboration. These issues are important to address to inculcate the practice of hand hygiene among the healthcare staffs. At the personal level, I think, creating awareness is the best way to help to increase compliance to hand hygiene. Hand hygiene programs can help to create awareness and act as a common platform to share the knowledge in promoting compliance and enhancing healthcare staffs to use hand hygiene products in their daily routine (McInnes et al. 2014). There is also need to assess the availability and accessibility of hand hygiene products in all parts of healthcare organization. Direct observation can also be done as it is regarded as a gold standard process that provide information about staff compliance to thoroug hness of cleaning and their behaviour towards the hand hygiene issue. Conclusion This incident made me realize that I should have acted at the right time. After looking back, I realized that I should have acted sooner and warned the doctor to wash his hands before examining the patient. I realize that I have put the patient safety at risk by not acting at the tight time. After a brief conversation with my mentor, I realize that I have to develop assertive skills and confidence to stand for the rightful thing. I have to challenge the wrong practice even if they are my seniors keeping in mind the safety and well-being of the patients at the forefront. I realize that I need to be understanding and supportive towards my colleagues keeping in mind the pressure and demand of the nursing profession. At the same time, it is my responsibility to ensure patient safety and in minimizing the client risk. References Allegranzi, B., Gayet-Ageron, A., Damani, N., Bengaly, L., McLaws, M.L., Moro, M.L., Memish, Z., Urroz, O., Richet, H., Storr, J. and Donaldson, L., 2013. Global implementation of WHO's multimodal strategy for improvement of hand hygiene: a quasi-experimental study.The Lancet infectious diseases,13(10), pp.843-851. Ellingson, K., 2017. Hand Hygiene Promotion from the US Perspective: Putting WHO and CDC.Hand Hygiene: A Handbook for Medical Professionals,9, p.221. Howatson-Jones, L., 2016.Reflective practice in nursing. Learning Matters. Kwok, Y.L.A., Callard, M. and McLaws, M.L., 2015. An automated hand hygiene training system improves hand hygiene technique but not compliance.American journal of infection control,43(8), pp.821-825. Kwok, Y.L.A., Harris, P. and McLaws, M.L., 2017. Social cohesion: the missing factor required for a successful hand hygiene program.American journal of infection control,45(3), pp.222-227. Macinga, D.R., Edmonds, S.L., Campbell, E., Shumaker, D.J. and Arbogast, J.W., 2013. Efficacy of novel alcohol-based hand rub products at typical in-use volumes.Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology,34(3), pp.299-301. McInnes, E., Phillips, R., Middleton, S. and Gould, D., 2014. A qualitative study of senior hospital managers views on current and innovative strategies to improve hand hygiene.BMC infectious diseases,14(1), p.611. Mumford, V., Greenfield, D., Hogden, A., Debono, D., Gospodarevskaya, E., Forde, K., Westbrook, J. and Braithwaite, J., 2014. Disentangling quality and safety indicator data: a longitudinal, comparative study of hand hygiene compliance and accreditation outcomes in 96 Australian hospitals.BMJ open,4(9), p.e005284. Rawles, Z., 2014.Essential Knowledge and Skills for Healthcare Assistants. CRC Press. Salmon, S., Pittet, D., Sax, H. and McLaws, M.L., 2015. The My five moments for hand hygieneconcept for the overcrowded setting in resource-limited healthcare systems.Journal of Hospital Infection,91(2), pp.95-99. Shinde, M.B. and Mohite, V.R., 2014. A study to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of five moments of hand hygiene among nursing staff and students at a tertiary care hospital at Karad.International Journal of Science and Research,3(2), pp.311-321. Sickbert-Bennett, E.E., DiBiase, L.M., Willis, T.M.S., Wolak, E.S., Weber, D.J. and Rutala, W.A., 2016. Reduction of healthcare-associated infections by exceeding high compliance with hand hygiene practices.Emerging infectious diseases,22(9), p.1628. Srigley, J.A., Corace, K., Hargadon, D.P., Yu, D., MacDonald, T., Fabrigar, L. and Garber, G., 2015. Applying psychological frameworks of behaviour change to improve healthcare worker hand hygiene: a systematic review.Journal of Hospital Infection,91(3), pp.202-210. White, K.M., Jimmieson, N.L., Graves, N., Barnett, A., Cockshaw, W., Gee, P., Page, K., Campbell, M., Martin, E., Brain, D. and Paterson, D., 2015. Key beliefs of hospital nurses hand-hygiene behaviour: protecting your peers and needing effective reminders.Health Promotion Journal of Australia,26(1), pp.74-78. White, K.M., Jimmieson, N.L., Obst, P.L., Graves, N., Barnett, A., Cockshaw, W., Gee, P., Haneman, L., Page, K., Campbell, M. and Martin, E., 2015. Using a theory of planned behaviour framework to explore hand hygiene beliefs at the 5 critical moments among Australian hospital-based nurses.BMC health services research,15(1), p.59. White, K.M., Starfelt, L.C., Jimmieson, N.L., Campbell, M., Graves, N., Barnett, A.G., Cockshaw, W., Gee, P., Page, K., Martin, E. and Brain, D., 2015. Understanding the determinants of Australian hospital nurses hand hygiene decisions following the implementation of a national hand hygiene initiative.Health education research,30(6), pp.959-970.

Technology changing the face of education Essay Example For Students

Technology changing the face of education Essay Yes I agree Technology plays a vital role in every students life in educational activity. They can get the complete Information of any article In detail, which Is kept in brief In textbooks. This helps them to improve their Innovative skills and learning habits. And the visual clips make them understand very clear about any concerned topic. Technology Is not Limited to students for learning, It can be handy to all age levels.. Yes its changing the whole scenario of the education system. We will write a custom essay on Technology changing the face of education specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now All most every student s seeking for internet help rather than books as they got much more information and very efficiently described on internet ,which is easy to learn and students do not forget it easily than as compared to what they learn through books . Even schools are using projectors and taking help from internet to teach students . Lets an advance form of teaching today. Technology enhancing the knowledge in education The innovative way of developed technology helping the people to get the solutions of all queries. E- learning courses are increasing skills. Many of the important communications are happening through social network websites, the half percent of teacher roll has been taken by technology with the adequate Information In the web sites. Its much easier to learn things now. Although theres some misinformation on the internet, its usually limited to old wives tales about harmless things like people thinking that honey or tea tree oil cures everything and kills all bugs etc. , for the most part we can learn almost anything by reading and watching videos. I imagine in the future, physically appearing at school may no longer be necessary. Yes, it is I cant even Imagine how people used to get through college papers, having to actually go to the library, use the card catalog, and rely on what was physically there. Technology opens the door to so many additional resources, and even different ways of presenting them. Technology lets us determine the best way to educate students and it gives us a ton of things to choose from. Education now extends beyond the classroom walls. Theres a change in student and teacher roles. Classrooms are collaborative. Technology in the classroom allows teacher to deliver personalized learning Now classroom is not compulsory to exchange the information between teacher and students or between students and student they both can exchange information on using technology via Pad , tablet , smartness, Online class rooms etc. You can exchange the information either you are in train, bus or outside the home. In this scenario textbook Is becoming a old days philosophy , now all the work Is done on laptop, tablets , smartness and Pads. That days Is over when you have to repaper a notes on your hard book(notebook) and the time of your exams you are preparing a particular subject from a particular subject notebook. Now a clays using Dealt Dorsa In Dealt classrooms make study very simple, more collaborative and interactive also. In this digital classrooms you can record faculties lecture for further use and broadcast it any where in the world simultaneously live. Using these digital classrooms you can interact teacher personally and questioning and answering privately. In this way you can make your study more detailed. I am too saying it as NO Many peoples if they want any solutions, they Just go web for finding solutions. The asss and the past people only know about puzzles in books and they will think for a while to get answer. It will improve the thinking power as though now many app puzzle games has been developed it is embedded with solutions in it. As, the waiting for the next issue will give happiness rather tan searching in web. In web they will share it or they will Just put an end to it. .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 , .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .postImageUrl , .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 , .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8:hover , .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8:visited , .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8:active { border:0!important; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8:active , .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8 .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c951cacbe703aecacc1078a42f5beb8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Utopia By More EssaySo, I say that only in paper works we can how who we are and what our aim is to be. I say no The views on the probability of technology changing the face of education has been quite quiet hazy in the past but it seems to be a real possibility these days. Sure, there are many cynics who feel that technology is changing education for the worse. The reason for this is the many risk factors that come with technology. From pornography to misinformation on the internet, many reasons are posed as a shortcomings as technology. In fact, many educational professionals also believe that he lack of organized information improper framework on the internet and other forms of technology may promote haphazard learning. Ill Be the First To Say: Hell No Sure, it allows us to have easier access to answers but now students can practically cheat their way through school and not actually learn a single thing. Copying answers to your homework sheet does not make you learn something the correct way. Also, Just because we have access to really good sources and other things like high tech telescopes and labs, does not mean we utilize t correctly. The majority of people are using technology to waste time on APS and social media. Just because technology is capable of teaching us, does not mean we use it for that reason. Instead, we are wasting time. Another thing, most resources on the Internet are bull crap. There is hardly any truth in what we read and there are little ways to prove its right. Yet we attain it as our knowledge anyways. But we could be so wrong. Its actually causing students to be lazier and their minds are not exercised nearly as much.

10 Facts About the Geography of Reykjavik, Iceland

10 Facts About the Geography of Reykjavik, Iceland Reykjavik is the capital city of Iceland. It is also the largest city in that country and with its latitude of 64Ëš08N, it is the worlds northernmost capital city for an independent nation. Reykjavik has a population of 120,165 people (2008 estimate) and its metropolitan area or the Greater Reykjavik area has a population of 201,847 people. It is the only metropolitan area in Iceland. Reykjavik is known as being Icelands commercial, governmental and cultural center. It is also known as being the worlds Greenest City for its use of hydro and geothermal power. What to Know About Iceland The following is a list of ten more facts to know about Reykjavik, Iceland: 1) Reykjavik is believed to have been the first permanent settlement in Iceland. It was established in 870 C.E. by Ingà ³lfr Arnarson. The original name of the settlement was Reykjarvik which loosely translated to the Bay of Smokes due to the regions hot springs. The additional r in the citys name was gone by 1300. 2) In the 19th century Icelanders began to push for independence from Denmark and because Reykjavik was the regions only city, it became the center of these ideas. In 1874 Iceland was given its first constitution, which gave it some legislative power. In 1904, executive power was given to Iceland and Reykjavik became the location of the minister for Iceland. 3) During the 1920s and 1930s, Reykjavik became the center of Icelands fishing industry, especially that of salt-cod. During World War II, the allies occupied the city, despite the German occupation of Denmark in April 1940. Throughout the war, both American and British soldiers built bases in Reykjavik. In 1944 the Republic of Iceland was founded and Reykjavik was named as its capital. 4) Following WWII and Icelands independence, Reykjavik began to grow considerably. People began to move to the city from Icelands rural areas as jobs increased in the city and agriculture became less important to the country. Today, finance and information technology are important sectors of Reykjaviks employment. 5) Reykjavik is the economic center of Iceland and Borgartà ºn is the financial center of the city. There are over 20 major companies in the city and there are three international firms with headquarters there. As a result of its economic growth, Reykjaviks construction sector is also growing. 6) Reykjavik is considered a multicultural city and in 2009, foreign-born peoples made up 8% of the citys population. The most common groups of ethnic minorities are Poles, Filipinos, and Danes. 7) The city of Reykjavik is located in southwest Iceland at only two degrees south of the Arctic Circle. As a result, the city gets only four hours of sunlight on its shortest day in the winter and during the summer it receives almost 24 hours of daylight. 8) Reykjavik is located on Icelands coast so the citys topography consists of peninsulas and coves. It also has some islands that were once connected to the mainland during the last ice age about 10,000 years ago. The city is spread out over a large distance with an area of 106 square miles (274 sq km) and as a result, it has a low population density. 9) Reykjavik, like most of Iceland, is geologically active and earthquakes are not uncommon in the city. In addition, there is volcanic activity nearby as well as hot springs. The city is also powered by hydro and geothermal energy. 10) Although Reykjavik is located near the Arctic Circle it has a much milder climate than other cities at the same latitude due to its coastal location and the nearby presence of the Gulf Stream. Summers in Reykjavik are cool while winters are cold. The average January low temperature is 26.6ËšF (-3ËšC) while the average July high temperature is 56ËšF (13ËšC) and it receives about 31.5 inches (798 mm) of precipitation per year. Because of its coastal location, Reykjavik is also usually very windy year round. Sources:Wikipedia.com. Reykjavik - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk

Lewis Structure Example Problem - Formaldehyde

Lewis Structure Example Problem - Formaldehyde Lewis dot structures are used to predict the geometry of a molecule. You will be able to draw a Lewis structure of the formaldehyde molecule after using this equation. Question Formaldehyde is a toxic organic molecule with molecular formula CH2O. Draw the Lewis structure of formaldehyde. Step 1 Find the total number of valence electrons. Carbon has 4 valence electronsHydrogen has 1 valence electronsOxygen has 6 valence electronsTotal valence electrons 1 carbon (4) 2 hydrogen (2 x 1) 1 oxygen (6)Total valence electrons 12 Step 2 Find the number of electrons needed to make the atoms happyCarbon needs 8 valence electronsHydrogen needs 2 valence electronsOxygen needs 8 valence electronsTotal valence electrons to be happy 1 carbon (8) 2 hydrogen (2 x 2) 1 oxygen (8)Total valence electrons to be happy 20 Step 3 Determine the number of bonds in the molecule.number of bonds (Step 2 - Step 1)/2number of bonds (20 - 12)/2number of bonds 8/2number of bonds 4 Step 4​ Choose a central atom.Hydrogen is the least electronegative of the elements, but hydrogen is rarely the central atom in a molecule. The next lowest electronegative atom is carbon.   Step 5: ​ Draw a skeletal structure. Connect the other three atoms to the central carbon atoms. Since there are 4 bonds in the molecule, one of the three atoms will bond with a double bond. Oxygen is the only choice in this case since hydrogen only has one electron to share. Step 6: ​ Place electrons around outside atoms.There are 12 valence atoms total. Eight of these electrons are tied up in bonds. The remaining four complete the octet around the oxygen atom.Each atom in the molecule has a complete outer shell full of electrons. There are no electrons left over and the structure is complete. The finished structure appears in the picture at the beginning of the example.

Narrative Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Narrative Speech - Essay Example Indeed, I was happy and executed at the opportunity of exploring new cultures and the education system making it difficult to focus on the tasks at home. However, my parents were not excited since they indicated that I would lose my traditional values and struggle for resources. Apparently, these are effects of immigration based on their research. As my family said goodbye during departure, I acknowledged that it would be difficult for them to visit due to the stringent immigration laws. Indeed, foreigners in the US are often mistaken as persons in search of opportunities to further their dreams; however, this is rarely the case. Indeed, I felt horrible that I was leaving my family behind. Nevertheless, I marveled at the chance of meeting new people. As I landed and exited from JFK, I noticed that the US was significantly developed as compared to my home country. The buzzing cars and skyscrapers were breathtaking; however, I began missing home since everything seemed different. Indeed, I was experiencing culture shock. I immediately bought a hot dog since I was hungry. Alas! I was already abandoning my culture since I devalue fast food. As I settled down, I found a job and attended school; however, I miss big family. I realized that immigration distorts one’s culture since I am accustomed to fast foods; furthermore, I intend to look for additional jobs to keep up indicating that immigrants struggle for resources. In conclusion, it is clear that immigration is a social problem because it leads to loss of values and struggle for resources (Spijkerboer & Walsum

The Influence Of Mass Media On Drug Abuse In The Society Essay

The Influence Of Mass Media On Drug Abuse In The Society - Essay Example The internet is also a mass media channel that includes e-mails, websites, blogs and social networking sites (Armstrong 34). Mass media messages especially advertisements of entertainment video clips contain drug abuse messages that influence the attitudes of the youth towards consumption of illicit drugs (Primack, Kraemer, Fine and Dalton 27). The teenagers lack the cognitive capabilities to understand the dangers of drug abuse and imitate the lifestyles of entertainment celebrities thus leading to high drug abuse in the society. Thesis statement: the mass media has fuelled drug abuse among teenagers in the society. The influence of mass media in drug abuse among the teenagers cannot be underestimated. The mass media has created a new drug abuse culture among the teenagers Wagner 67). The mass media advertising contains drug abuse messages that create wrong perceptions of prosperity by showing images of drug abusers enjoying material things like luxury cars and expensive jewelry (Pr imack, Kraemer, Fine and Dalton 35). The mass media has created numerous stereotypes about drug abuse, fashion and violence thus leading to a sensation of drug abuse and sex among teenagers in the United States. ... The teenagers mainly rely on the mass media for entertainment and connecting with their peers (Wagner 81). Currently, the mass media contains a lot of information, images and audio-video clips that depict drug abuse as something rewarding and cool. Although there is controversial debate surrounding the impact of mass media on drug abuse among the youth, it is true that mass media messages affect the perceptions of youth towards drugs (Primack, Kraemer, Fine and Dalton 19). The mass media is increasingly being used to advertise tobacco related products, alcohol and other prescription drugs. Accordingly, teenagers who smoke tobacco and take alcohol have higher chances of engaging in illicit drug abuse. Cigarette advertising messages glamorize smokers and smoking through depicting the smokers as young, cool, adventurous, independent and healthy (Primack, Kraemer, Fine and Dalton 31). Accordingly, teen-oriented television programs and magazines have tobacco-related advertising that conta ins images that are tailor-made in order to appeal to the youths. The audio-clips use images that show young people as fun-loving and enjoying consumption of illicit drugs. The internet is contains massive videos and messages related to drug abuse and often portray positive consequences of drug abuse and desirable attributes like feelings of relaxation or greatness (Primack, Kraemer, Fine and Dalton 12). Some of the factors that expose teenagers to unrestricted drug related advertising and violent movies that contain images of drug abuse include poor parenting, aggressive tobacco related advertising and peer pressure (Brown, Steele and Walsh-Childers 44). A majority of the

As I Lay Dying (book) Essay Example for Free

As I Lay Dying (book) Essay The character Addie Bundren is portrayed in many ways throughout the novel As I Lay Dying. The whole story revolves around the fact that Addie is dead and her wish to be buried near her blood relatives rather than her own family. The impression the reader gets of Addie is developed through many different characters’ views and descriptions of Addie. One character that helps us understand Addie’s personality a little more is Cora Tull. Cora Tull, Vernon Tull’s wife, expresses Addie’s voice and personality through her memories of Addie. Cora stood with Addie during her final hours. Cora disapproves of Addie’s behavior and lack of religion. Cora dislikes the fact that Addie’s love for Jewel is greater than her love of God. Another character that helps us understand Addie is Minister Whitfield. Addie had an affair with the minister and had a baby. This affair shows how Addie sees marital love and motherhood as empty concepts and are just there to fill empty voids. Addie doesn’t have an affair with the minister solely on lust, but she does it for self-gratification and self-expression also. Vardaman, the youngest of the Bundren children, compares his mother’s death to a fish he recently caught and cleaned. Vardaman compares his mother to a fish because the fish and his mother have both died. The fish and his mother have changed because of death. Both Addie and the fish no longer have essence, which could be interpreted as an existentialist view. In a chapter where Addie seemingly speaks from the dead, Addie’s personality is truly shown. We learn that Addie is a pessimistic and unfulfilled woman, who marries her ignorant husband Anse. She admits to only caring for two of her children and the rest she calls or labels as â€Å"Anse’s children†, who were born out of an obligation. Addie’s personality is put together by the views, comparisons, and descriptions of her youngest son Vardaman, her neighbor Cora Tull, The affair she had with Minister Whitfield, and her own personal voice. Through these views, we could conclude/interpret that Addie was a strong-willed and intelligent woman who dislikes the obligations put on women during that time period. Cora Tull shows her as some who lacks religion. The affair with the minister shows that she is a woman who needed gratification. Her youngest son shows how she is a mother who was completely lost in death and no longer has essence. Her own voice shows that she is a person who feels like women are obligated to fit into the roles of being a mother and a wife.

Rigidity of Puritanism Exposed in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay

Rigidity of Puritanism Exposed in Young Goodman Brown    Proverbs 10:28 implies the idea of the universality of sin in saying "The prospect of the righteous is joy, but the hopes of the wicked come to nothing."   In "Young Goodman Brown", Nathaniel Hawthorne illustrates this through Brown's actions.   When Brown lives a righteous life with good faith, his thoughts remain pure and happy.   He has a wonderful wife, and he enjoys the presence of everyone.   As he takes his walk into the forest and into evil ways, his hopes and faith disappear.   He no longer loves his wife in the same way, and he despises everyone whom people consider were holy.   When he loses his faith, he loses his happiness.   To regain his happiness, Brown must find his righteousness again. Puritans believe there is no hope for a sinner.   Hawthorne uses a variety of writing techniques to condemn the rigidity of Puritanism.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For example, Hawthorne uses a wide variety of diction to create a mystical and hopeless mood.   As Brown walks into the "dreary" forest, an " uncertain" feeling comes over him as he looks ahead to the "gloom" awaiting him.   The forest is very dark and dreary and these words help create the eerie mood.   These words create an insecure and unsure feeling in the reader's mind.   The reader feels as if he stands right there on the outskirts of the forest along with Brown. That type of feeling scares even the bravest of men.   Hawthorne also describes the events taking place in the forest as "devilish," "horrid," and "evil."   Evil completely surrounds Brown in the forest.   It puts a thought in him which drives him crazy. These words give a v... ...ands before him with the guilt of sin.      He can never remember these people in the same way in which he wants to. His views on the righteousness of humanity change from good to bad.   Hence, Brown loses his comradery with his neighbors, and he dies a lonely death with no hopeful verse on his tombstone.    Works Cited Benoit, Raymond.   "'Young Goodman Brown': The Second Time Around."   The Nathaniel Hawthorne Review 19 (Spring 1993): 18-21. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Complete Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Doubleday and Co., Inc.,1959. James, Henry. Hawthorne. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997. Martin, Terence. Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Twayne Publishers Inc., 1965. Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne - The Man, His Tales and Romances. New York: Continuum Publishing Co., 1989.   

Wind energy

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using: wind turbines to make electricity, windmills for mechanical power, wind pumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships. A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines which are connected to the electric power transmission network. Offshore wind farms can harness more frequent and powerful winds than are available to land-based installations and have less visual impact on the landscape but construction costs are considerably higher.Small onshore wind facilities are used to provide electricity to isolated locations and utility companies increasingly buy back surplus electricity produced by small domestic wind turbines. Although very consistent from year to year, wind power has significant variation over shorter timescales. The intermittency of wind seldom creates problems when used to supply up to 20% of total electricity demand, but as the proportion incre ases, a need to upgrade the grid, and a lowered ability to supplant conventional production can occur.Power management techniques such as having excess capacity storage, dispatch able backing supplies (usually natural gas), storage such as pumped-storage hydroelectricity, exporting and importing power to neighboring areas or reducing demand when wind production is low, can greatly mitigate these problems. Wind power, as an alternative to fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation and uses little land Any effects on the environment are generally less problematic than those from other power sources.As of 2010 wind energy production was over 2. 5% of worldwide power, growing at more than 25% per annum. The overall cost per unit of energy produced is similar to the cost for new coal and natural gas installations. Although wind power is a popular form of energy generation, the construction of wind farms is not u niversally welcomed. Fossil fuels are subsidized by many governments, and wind power and other forms of renewable energy are also often subsidized. For example a 2009 study by the Environmental Law Institute assessed the size and structure of U. S. energy subsidies over the 2002–2008 periods.The study estimated that subsidies to fossil-fuel based sources amounted to approximately $72 billion over this period and subsidies to renewable fuel sources totaled $29 billion. In the United States, the federal government has paid US$74 billion for energy subsidies to support R&D for nuclear power ($50 billion) and fossil fuels ($24 billion) from 1973 to 2003. (Energy subsidies are measures that keep prices for consumers below market levels or for producers above market levels, or reduce costs) During this same timeframe, renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency received a total of US$26 billion.It has been suggested that a subsidy shift would help to level the playing field and support growing energy sectors, namely solar power, wind power, and biofuels. History shows that no energy sector was developed without subsidies. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) (2011) energy subsidies artificially lower the price of energy paid by consumers, raise the price received by producers or lower the cost of production. â€Å"Fossil fuels subsidies costs generally outweigh the benefits.Subsidies to renewables and low-carbon energy technologies can bring long-term economic and environmental benefits†. In November 2011, an IEA report entitled Deploying Renewables 2011 said â€Å"subsidies in green energy technologies that were not yet competitive are justified in order to give an incentive to investing into technologies with clear environmental and energy security benefits†. The IEA's report disagreed with claims that renewable energy technologies are only viable through costly subsidies and not able to produce energy reliably to meet de mand.In the US, the wind power industry has recently increased its lobbying efforts considerably, spending about $5 million in 2009 after years of relative obscurity in Washington. By comparison, the US nuclear industry alone spent over $650 million on its lobbying efforts and campaign contributions during a single ten year period ending in 2008. Following the 2011 Japanese nuclear accidents, Germany's federal government is working on a new plan for increasing energy efficiency and renewable energy commercialization, with a particular focus on offshore wind farms.Under the plan large wind turbines will be erected far away from the coastlines, where the wind blows more consistently than it does on land, and where the enormous turbines won't bother the inhabitants. The plan aims to decrease Germany's dependence on energy derived from coal and nuclear power plants. Commenting on the EU's 2020 renewable energy target, Economist, Professor Dieter Helm, is critical of how the costs of win d power are cited by lobbyists. Helm also says that the problem of intermittent supply will probably lead to another dash-for-gas or dash-for-coal inEurope, possibly with a negative impact on energy security. A House of Lords Select Committee report (2008) on renewable energy in the UK reported a â€Å"concern over the prospective role of wind generated and other intermittent sources of electricity in the UK, in the absence of a break-through in electricity storage technology or the integration of the UK grid with that of continental Europe. Many wind power companies work with local communities to reduce environmental and other concerns associated with particular wind farms. In other cases there is direct community ownership of wind farm projects.Appropriate government consultation, planning and approval procedures also help to minimize environmental risks. Some may still object to wind farms but, according to The Australia Institute, their concerns should be weighed against the ne ed to address the threats posed by climate change and the opinions of the broader community. In America, wind projects are reported to boost local tax bases, helping to pay for schools, roads and hospitals. Wind projects also revitalize the economy of rural communities by providing steady income to farmers and other landowners.In the UK, both the National Trust and the Campaign to Protect Rural England have expressed concerns about the effects on the rural landscape caused by inappropriately sited wind turbines and wind farms. Some wind farms have become tourist attractions. The White lee Wind Farm Visitor Centre has an exhibition room, a learning hub, a cafe with a viewing deck and also a shop. It is run by the Glasgow Science Centre. In Denmark, a loss-of-value scheme gives people the right to claim compensation for loss of value of their property if it is caused by proximity to a wind turbine.The loss must be at least 1% of the property’s value. There have been numerous re ports of those living close to wind turbines suffering adverse health effects from noise, vibration and shadow flicker, and in 2009 New York Pediatrician, Dr. Nina Pierpont, claimed to have identified an effect for which she coined the term â€Å"Wind Turbine Syndrome†. An industry commissioned review of the current research on the possible health effects of wind turbine noise and vibration reported in 2010 that, â€Å"the sound (including sub audible sound) is not unique, and does not pose a risk to human health.Although the sound may cause ‘annoyance’ for some people, this in itself is not an adverse health effect. † The findings of the report have, however, been questioned on a number of grounds including; that the reviewing group did not include an epidemiologist, usually a given for assessing potential environmental health hazards, and that there was no clear description of the methods the researchers used to search for available research, nor how the y rated the quality of the research. In October 2010 The Society for Wind Vigilance held an international symposium concerning the subject.A study on wind farm noise published in 2012 by The US state of Massachusetts reported that people are annoyed by sound from wind turbines at far lower sound levels than they are by noises from railroads, aircraft, or road traffic. The study found the percentage of respondents who found noise levels highly annoying rose quickly as sound levels increased above about 37dbA (about the level of a conversation). Wind Power Is A very good resource for energy I think that everybody should use win power in the future

Putting Global Warming on Ice Essay

What makes the earth’s temperature rise and fall? Do greenhouse gases block solar heat from leaving the earth, or is it only a product of solar activity? Many people have theorized on what causes temperatures to change. A catch phrase named Global Warming came to popularity. Environmentalists from all walks of life joined the ‘global warming’ fight. According to Thomas O’Connell the global warming debate wasn’t accepted in the 60’s and 70’s when he studied it. It only became popular recently in the 90’s. Everyone believed that humans were causing a catastrophe by punching a whole into an ‘ozone layer’ in the sky, letting harmful rays of sun in. People fought to shutdown plants in order to stop the emissions of carbon dioxide and other ‘greenhouse gases’. Everyone believed the global warming claims coming from senators and environmentalists. Today in the 21st century, science has stepped up to disprove the common myths of global warming. Many of the theories and claims of global warming are easily disproved with science. Science is the only tool that can be used to tell whether theories are fact or fiction. The first issue of global warming is the recent Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty designed to cut greenhouse emissions from successful countries. The international Kyoto protocol has been in debate for many years. The Kyoto protocol is an international treaty to reduce developed country’s greenhouse emissions, specifically carbon dioxide, to 7% below their 1990 levels. As President Bush came to office he refused the U.S.’s involvement in the treaty. President Bush wasn’t even the man that killed the idea for the U.S. (National Center 2). A bill, stating that the U.S. wouldn’t ratify any climate treaty that would harm the United States economically and would have no consequences for developing or â€Å"3rd World† countries, was passed with a unanimous 95-0 vote by the senate before President Bush was elected (National Center 2). The treaty isn’t about global warming. It was designed in order to transfer success from developed nations like the U.S. to developing or struggling countries (Tuccille 2). Research declares that China, India, and Brazil who are not affected by the Kyoto Protocol will increase their CO2 emissions by 16% more than the United States even without  the Protocol in effect (National Center 3). Proponents of the protocol confessed that the treaty â€Å"would not have the beneficial environmental impacts advertised† and that â€Å"the costs of implementation would be much higher than the public had been told† (National Center 1). U.S. economy would suffer if we agreed to partake in the Kyoto scheme. Gasoline prices would increase by as much as 66 cents per gallon, electrical costs would also increase up to 80%, energy intensive products such as chemicals, steel, paper, and cars would rise in price by as much as 15%. (National Center 2). â€Å"The economy of the USA would be devastated,† states Thomas O’Connell. The minority income would be lowered by about 10%, 864,000 African Americans as well as 511,000 Hispanics would be unemplo yed (National Center 2). Oil and fuel used for farming would be taxed or restricted causing in a higher cost of producing and lower profits of products including corn, soybeans, wheat, cotton, hogs, and milk (Heartland Institute 2 and 3). Businesses taxed by the government for their emissions would result in raising costs for their consumers (Heartland Institute 3). New regulations would be implemented for automobiles making carpooling mandatory and would penalize owners of trucks and sports cars. The average household income would even drop by about $2,700 (Heartland Institute 2). Even the unbiased and credible Time magazine quoted, â€Å"the campaign against global warming seemed to be over before it even started† referring to the Kyoto Protocol (Tuccille 1). Are we prepared to â€Å"disappear from the map† in order to prevent 1 degree Celsius of warming for the next Century? One of the hot issues on global warming is that humankind has had something to do with the temperature. Man-made emissions such as carbon dioxide have been claimed to cause global temperatures to increase over the years. Ever since the industrial revolution in the 1940’s man has continued to emit gases such as CO2 into the air. Many people claim that CO2 is what blocks heat from escaping the atmosphere. They also claim that mankind has poked a hole in something called the â€Å"ozone layer†, a protective layer above the atmosphere that keeps harmful UV radiation out, which lets more solar rays in. How convenient. The fact is that 98% of these â€Å"greenhouse gases† are natural to the earth. Man has not emitted them and they are not pollutants. They are mostly water vapors and clouds (Zipperer 2). Does that sound dangerous to you? The earth  has even cut down on the rate of carbon dioxide emissions from the years 1973-1990 (Lindzen 1 and 2). Even if we did have a lot of CO2 in the air evidently the effects wouldn’t be catastrophic. In the past the atmosphere has had much more amounts of CO2 in it before without significant increases in temperature (Lindzen 4). Richard Lindzen, a professor of meteorology at MIT, claims that a doubling of CO2 in the earth’s atmosphere would only result in a 1 degree Celsius increase in global temperature (National Center 3). Another greenhouse gas is methane. Methane is more harmful than CO2 but will not increase significantly for another 100 years if it continues at its current rate (Michaels 1). Many credible experts in the field of science have agreed that man is not responsible. Over 17,000 scientists from all over the world have signed a petition declaring that â€Å"there is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the earth’s atmosphere and disruption of the earth’s climate† (Heartland Institute 5). Even if there were significant cases of warming global temperatures the effects wouldn’t be as tragic as everyone thinks. There are many benefits to the warming of the earth, as there are consequences. Warming on a global scale would have dramatic effects on life and climates. Some effects may be harmful but many of them are beneficial. Some ideas about global warming consequences are myths that are unlikely. Many people say that global warming is linked with the uprising in tropical storms. Storms such as hurricanes coming from the southeast into Florida coasts have been getting stronger for many years, but in 1991 there was a drought of storms that ranged to 1995. The amount and intensity fell way below the average, which suggests that these storms were not affected by the warming of the earth (Bible Believers 3 and 4). Others claim that sea levels have risen all over the world because the polar ice caps are slowly melting due to the warming. Tests have proven that temperatures at the poles are actually getting colder and that sea levels have been rising for centuries before we had any affect on the c limate (Bible Believers 3). Former Vice President Al Gore spoke of diseases migrating due to climate warming. He spoke of diseases like the Black Plague and Cholera, which he believed were  spread because of weather patterns. Rats, who spread the Black Plague, lived in both warm and cold climates so they had no reason to migrate. His second example Cholera has been a problem in both warm and cold climates and can be easily treated by purifying the water we drink (Heartland Institute 9). Many people have never heard possible benefits of global warming before. Having a warmer climate is very beneficial. Historically, very warm periods in time resulted in flourishing life such as plants, animals, and fish (Bible Believers 4). Even large amounts of CO2 can be beneficial. More CO2 in the atmosphere fuels plants, which makes more food for all walks of life. Vikings were once able to farm what is now a cold and icy Greenland (Zipperer 3). A warming of the earth would result in longer growing seasons and would deplete world hunger and crop failure (Robinson 3). Global warming wouldn’t be all that bad, but we do not have a way to tell if there is or will be any warming because of the difficulty to predict the weather. In order to make predictions about weather, people have designed computer models that estimate changes in weather patterns. The models are designed from past weather data and possible factors effecting the weather. What modelers do not know is that global weather is very hard to predict, maybe even impossible without the right understanding and tools for the job (Robinson 2). Factors such as clouds, precipitation, oceans, and the sun are misunderstood and often underestimated (Zipperer 2). Modelers also leave out possible advances in the future such as nuclear energy and the positive effect it would have on the environment (Lindzen 2). Our current technology isn’t even close to being advanced enough. Errors in the data are equivalent to 50% (Lindzen 3). These computer models could not even predict weather from the past. While global temperatures have raised by .3 to .6 C over the past 100 years models have over predicted the increase to be from .7 to 1.4 C by the year 1990 (Heartland Institute 7). Climate modelers have even inputted their own bias into the data, shifting variables to what they want them to be. â€Å"Climate modelers have been cheating for so long it’s almost become respectable,† says Richard A. Kerr, a writer for Science magazine. Further research on the topic is necessary in order to accurately determine whether we have a problem or not. Many people of profession have studied global warming and what may affect the outcome of their results. When measuring from the surface global temperatures have increased by about .6 degrees Celsius with a .2-degree error, but parts of the United States including the southeast have cooled slightly since the late 19th century (NOAA 2). For those 100 years of slight warming, 70% of it occurred before the industrial revolution in 1940 in which man began to emit gases into the air (Zipperer 2). The surface on and around the equator has remained plus or minus 1 degree Celsius of its current temperature for billions of years (Lindzen 4). Research has also been done to determine the affect on rising and falling temperatures. Scientists have found very close relations with solar activity from the sun and the current temperature patterns, which suggests that fluctuations in temperatures are out of our hands (NOAA 5). Satellites are the best way to determine global temperatures. They are unbiased and have only a 0.001-degree Celsius of error (Heartland Institute 6). These satellites have confirmed that there is no evidence of global warming. If anything there is a slight cooling in the atmosphere (National Center 3). Very reliable agencies have done their own research on global warming. Many scientists have tested the greenhouse theory carefully and have found that greenhouse warming isn’t even occurring and that rising temperatures are do to different stages of solar activity (Robinson 1). In 1995 the IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, did not prove that humans were affecting global temperatures (Heartland Institute 8). Their report, Climate Change, includes a statement, â€Å"The balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on the global climate† (Heartland Institute 8). Dr. Roy Spencer, a meteorologist and team leader of the NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center, quotes, â€Å"The temperatures we measure from space a re actually on a very slight downward trend since 1979†¦ the trend is about 0.05C per decade cooling† (Heartland Institute 7). In a recent poll only 17% of the meteorological society and the American Geophysical Society believe that global warming is a product of man (Bible Believers 2). Representatives from the Environmental Protection Agency are threatening to withdraw their support from a global warming study done by the government. They have said that the report has an â€Å"extreme/alarmist tone† and that it does not â€Å"appear to fairly reflect the scientific literature and the historical record†Ã‚  (Torres 1). The representatives claimed that the report also had â€Å"scientifically inaccurate statements about the potential implications of climate change for air pollution and human† (Torres 1 and 2). Usually, in scientific law, if a hypothesis fails through experimentation it should be discarded, but the theory of global warming and greenhouse gases as a result of man is still considered substantial hypothesis even though it has been proven to be unlikely (Robinson 2). The debate of global warming may continue on for many years to come. Mankind may never see any rising in global temperatures, but nevertheless it will be speculated. Thomas O’Connell At this moment in time there has not been any reliable and convincing evidence that the globe is dangerously warming. Global temperature is a product of natural variables that affect the earth. Man has little if any influence on this temperature. Many of the greenhouse claims have been poorly researched and have yet to be proven credible. Hopefully in the future science will prevail and provide the real answer. Until then, people interested in global warming should do research of their own in order to formulate their own opinion. Life on earth has adapted or evolved to the environment. The earth will never adapt or change due to a single species; the earth is far too powerful. As this paper comes to a close a quote sums up the main idea. Thomas O’Connell once said, â€Å"As the rhetoric of the proponents gives way to real problem or is this phenomena more closely related to political agendas. I’ll wait for the science.†

Electronic Range Finders

Electronic Range Finders A range finder is an electronic surveying device used to measure distances between an observer and a target. Since its invention, the device has enhanced focus in numerous photography processes. In addition, it has enhanced perfect shots in the field of ballistics. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Electronic Range Finders specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The device has an inbuilt technology, which constitutes of sonar, laser, radar and trigonometry. These aspects facilitate accurate measurements of the distance of a target from an observer. All these technologies have facilitated the measurement of targets’ distances or sizes and have been in application since18th century. The first range finder device, named telemeters, was invented in the 19th century. It was not until 1916 that Kodak unveiled them into the market. In history, Kodak became the first company to include this device in 3A cameras. In 1925, the Leica I camera extensively incorporated range finders and as a result popularized the technology. In the preceding years, Leica II and Zeiss Contax I cameras were developed as 35mm rangefinder cameras. Between 1930 and 1970, rangefinder cameras became considerably popular. During this period, range finder devices were manufactured in various sizes. In the early 1960s, the devices were actively fitted in the most expensive cameras. As result, several manufactures, among which were Japanese companies including Canon, Minolta, Olympus and Ricoh, focused on the production of the 35mm rangefinder camera. Although more sophisticated auto-focus devices later outnumbered the range finders, some of these cameras are still in use today. In 2004, digital imaging technology was incorporated into the first rangefinder camera (Epson R-D1) reviving their use. Unlike SLRs, range finder devices are prone to parallax errors. Thus, during close-up photography, rangefinder cameras are ineffective. No netheless, range finder devices outshine the SLR devices in some features. In contrast to the SLR devices, range finder devices do not have moving mirrors. This eliminates momentary blackout of the subject under focus. Similarly, range finder devices, as compared to SLRs, are quieter, smaller and less conspicuous. Coupled with these features, rangefinder cameras are more suited for theatre photography, street photography and portrait photography.Advertising Looking for essay on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, these cameras are most preferred in applications where portability is a matter of concern. Likewise, with the absence of mirrors, rangefinder cameras’ rear lenses project deep into the device’s body resulting in superior wide-angled lenses. As compared to SLRs, rangefinder viewfinders have a wide field of view allowing the user to observe actions outside the frame. Si milarly, the color filters in SLRs make it difficult to focus, view and compose using SLR cameras. However, these processes remain unaffected with the application of range finders. Since their invention, rangefinder devices have found numerous applications in various fields. These include ballistics, photography, forestry and virtual reality. Rangefinders were first used in the field of ballistics by military snipers in calculating the distances between them and their shooting targets. However, during ballistic operations, snipers should avoid the use laser rangefinders as the option sends out light sources that might indicate their positions to their enemies. In photography, rangefinder devices have allowed photographers to take focused and clear photographs by measuring the distance between them and their subjects. With improvements in this technology, forestry surveys have considerably used range finders. During these operations, special devices fitted with anti-leaf equipments a re employed. Furthermore, virtual reality systems use range finders as they help in indicating the position of objects.

How to Answer the “What’s Your Biggest Weakness” Question in Interviews

How to Answer the â€Å"What’s Your Biggest Weakness† Question in Interviews People typically have a really hard time answering the â€Å"what is your biggest weakness?† question. It goes against all of the self-promotion cramming people do when on the job market. How can I portray myself as the ideal candidate and then start talking about the ways in which I’m not ideal? As it turns out, this is an important question- and one that most interviewees botch. Keep in mind that, first of all, there is no right answer. But you should have a good one all the same.Spin it as a  Growth ExperienceTry rethinking it as an opportunity for you to show how you have faced a particularly large obstacle in the past, and how you learned and grew from that experience. Reframe the question into showing how you deal with your flaws productively, rather than trying to humblebrag and pick a non-flaw (i.e. â€Å"I’m too much of a perfectionist†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ hiring managers see right through this).Use it to Show You’re Not Perfect (It’s Okay!)Con fidence is important, but humility is also. Hiring managers want to see a lot from column A, but also a healthy dose of that little bit of honesty and willingness to confront one’s weaknesses from column B.You know you have weaknesses. So try to figure out a way to A) be honest about them, and B) turn them somehow to your advantage. There are stories out there about candidates who open their cover letters by zeroing in on their potential weaknesses or holes in their resume, rather than trying to bury that lack of experience in their resumes. Think along the lines of: â€Å"At first glance, I know I’m not the candidate you’ve envisioned.† That sort of opening salvo of honesty will certainly grab a hiring manager’s attention, and it will give you a chance to frame your candidacy in the best possible light (i.e. â€Å"But†¦ I am uniquely qualified because†¦.†).Explain That You Are Always Fine-TuningRemember that admitting your inadequ acies doesn’t show that you’re inadequate. Quite the contrary. It usually shows that you are self-aware, and that you take the time to examine the parts of your success-machine that are in need of tune-ups or replacements. That you are constantly trying to improve. That’s often the kind of quality that any employer would be very keen to have in an employee.So prepare. But don’t go into an interview with a canned response. Come up with something that can segue into a story of overcoming obstacles, and keep it work related. Show you’re human, but hardworking, and you’ll never be on the wrong end of this ubiquitous interview question again.

Hospitality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Hospitality Management - Essay Example The purpose of communication is to clearly understand people and for the other people to understand me. The different background and personalities along with the different perceptions present great challenges in comprehending people and things. If my communication are, thus, improved, then the benefits are overly broad. Excellent communication skills will help be achieve a successful response from individuals, as well as the surroundings. It will help me build sound relationships in a personal and business setting. It will help me develop efficient problem solving plus decision making skills and improve my level of productivity. Effective communication skills will also improve my work flow and my personal and professional image. Finally, proper communication skills will help in compelling my advocacy. The reality is that proper communication skills are significant to peoples growth. It has to be among the areas which people must give consideration if they are having a personal develo pment plan. I have three areas of communication, which I feel I need to be good at in order to achieve my personal development plan. These areas include listening skills, writing skills and oral communication skills. In writing communication, it is significant that people know my English position, as well as my business English. In both of these views, my writing must be overly effective. I should know these diverse styles in writing and also when to apply each of the style. In listening communication, it is advisable to listen to what my heart and mind tells me. In order to achieve the effective listening skills, I have to maintain eye-contact with the people who speak or listen to me and never interrupt the speaker. I should learn to express my understanding through nodding instead of just interrupting the speaker like I used to do in the past. If I

The Bound between Corruption and Guanxi in the Chinese Society Coursework

The Bound between Corruption and Guanxi in the Chinese Society - Coursework Example The current state of literature provides an insight into what Guanxi is and how it works. Understanding the meaning of Guanxi is of vital importance for everyone who seeks to look deeper into the significance of corruption in the Chinese business system. Surprisingly or not, different authors provide different meanings of the term Guanxi. However, these differences are natural and even anticipated, given the complexity of the Guanxi concept and the multitude of meanings which it comprises. According to Chatterjee, Pearson, and Nie, the Chinese definition of Guanxi is hard to translate in one phrase – countless meanings are included in it, and it is fairly considered as one of the most impactful phrases in Chinese business contexts. However, it is possible to say that Guanxi can be roughly divided into the three basic groups of meanings: first, Guanxi presupposes the development of a relationship between people with a similar status; second, relevant and continuous connections between people; and third, contacts with people with little or no direct interactions. For the Chinese people, Guanxi exemplifies a type of special relationships in which one person needs something and another person has something to give. Guanxi is a highly dynamic form of relations between business people in China. Furthermore, even if a person who has resources and opportunities to solve a problem enters a Guanxi relationship, he (she) is not obliged to solve such a problem or respond to another individual’s request. Third, Guanxi is not a continuous phenomenon but emerges only the moment a person needs another person to do something important or solve some problem. Finally, Guanxi is almost always a sequence of previously planned activities aimed to resolve a business or personal issue. Here, western managers and people come to view Guanxi as a form of corruption, as long as such activities and relations may range from a simple meal together to giving gifts or doing favors. Â  However, whether Guanxi can be considered as a form of corruption remains a difficult question.

Professional Resume and Cover Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional Resume and Cover Letter - Essay Example CH2M HLL is a global leader in consulting, design, design-build, operations, and program management where success of turnkey projects is critical part of organizational success. My skills and professional expertise in office management can be judiciously exploited to accelerate the progress of ongoing projects. I strongly believe that role of leaders, managers and the administrators of the organizations have increasingly become more challenging especially when new strategy and policy decisions are introduced in the organizations. As such, I have often undertaken leadership role to ensure effective feedback through participatory approach and helped solve the problems and workplace conflicts. My professional competencies, experience and my desire to acquire more knowledge would help me to become top performer in your company also. My work experience has involved extensive interaction with major clients and public, thereby equipping me with necessary traits of effective verbal communication techniques. I have attaches resume for your kind perusal. My key strength have been my ability to function under limited direction and worked independently using initiative and good judgment. I can assure you that my personal and professional competencies would add value to your organization. I would appreciate an opportunity to discuss the same with you in person and look forward to meeting you. Strong leadership initiatives in performing liaison work for CEO and proven record for excellent office management. Talent for organizing meetings and ensuring effective coordination with different stakeholders for resolving conflicts and promote communication. Highly efficient in managing confidential information and drafting agendas for important meeting and ensuring smooth conduct of the same. Exceptional organizational skills; Leadership initiative in prioritizing

Australian Indigenous and Non-indigenous Health Issues

Australian Indigenous and Non-indigenous Health Issues Introduction: The aim of this paper is to compare and contrast the health issues of Australian indigenous and non-indigenous people. It will also provide an overview of comparison of with Australian immigrants and the strategy used to close the gap between indigenous and non-indigenous people will be summarized. In this paper the contribution of non-indigenous people, which include all the communities such as Europeans and religious based organizations, to the current conditions of Australian aboriginals regarding current health issues and psychological concerns will be discussed. In other words it will show how the health of indigenous people is disadvantaged in relation to non-indigenous population. The health issues of Australians indigenous people will be compared with indigenous people of other countries. Health promotion strategies used to improve the health outcomes in aboriginal community will be identified and some other interventions will be proposed. Closing the gap: There is a gap of health and life expectancy between indigenous and non-indigenous people of Australia and some of the aboriginal communities experience unacceptable levels of disadvantage in living standards. It is unquestionably assured that the health of Indigenous people after the trauma of colonisation, has been significantly under threat. To achieve a significant improvement in health status of Indigenous Australians, a campaign is built by an Australian government which is called ‘Closing the Gap’. It was approved by Australian Government in 2008 in response to social justice report 2005. According to this strategy, Council of Australian government has six set targets to achieve in particular time frame that are related to life expectancy, health, housing, employment, education and early childhood development in aboriginal people. In other words ‘closing the gap’ strategy is an effort of the government to engage with indigenous community and help them to find effective solutions to the withstanding issue and change their living condition to maintain health. Mortality and morbidity rates among indigenous and non-indigenous Australians: There is an unacceptable gap in health status between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. Aboriginal community in Australia faces the poor health status than other Australians mainly due to the lack of equal access to primary health care which affects their health outcomes negatively. The death rate in indigenous people was 1.9 times higher than non-indigenous in 2006-2010. Estimated life expectancy of aboriginals who were born in 2005-2007 was around 11 years less than non-indigenous people. The death rate of indigenous people due to cardiovascular disease was 1.7 times higher than for non-indigenous in 2006-2010 and in following two years 1.6 times of aboriginals were admitted to hospitals for heart diseases than other Australians. The rate of indigenous people who suffered and died because of cancer was higher in indigenous community as well. The prevalence of other diseases such as diabetes, respiratory disorders, kidney problems and eye or ear health issues is higher in i ndigenous people versus non-indigenous population. In respect to communicable diseases, indigenous people suffered from tuberculosis, hepatitis C, and influenza 11.1, 3.6 and 20 times respectively higher than non-indigenous people in the time period of 2005-2011. Comparison of health issues with Australian Immigrants: In shaping Australian society, immigration has been a major factor who represent one quarter of the population of Australia. Most of the Australians who are born overseas have risk factors for a lot of long term health conditions such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular conditions and lung cancer. According to Australian institute of health and welfare the health behaviors of concerns for immigrants are less exercise, be obese, unhealthy diet and more likely to smoke. Recent immigrants from under developed countries are likely to have tuberculosis, Hepatitis B, parasites disease, malaria and leprosy which might means that their health outcomes is poorer than indigenous people in Australia. Inadequate vaccination, vitamin D and nutritional deficiency, dental diseases and infectious diseases are commonly found in Australian immigrants. People from Asian background especially Chinese and Indian have high chances of developing coeliac diseases. Large amount of Immigrants from United Kingdom and Ireland suffer from lung and breast cancer. Due to low rates of Pap smear testing in Asian women there are high chances of cervical cancer. Immigrants from Southern Europe and North Africa had high diabetes mortality rates. Africa born Australians are known to suffer with high rates of active tuberculosis, especially in the first year of migration, than Australian indigenous and non-indigenous people. Refugees are known to have poorer health than other immigrants. They have shorter life expectancy than indigenous people in Australia. Poor mental health, post-traumatic stress, grief, infectious and communicable diseases are some of the common concerns in Afghani refugees immigrants. On the other hand there are some overseas born Australian who has less mortality rates than people born in Australia like Vietnams have 50% lower rates, Chinese 30 % and Italian 13 % lower rates. However immigrants from UK, Germany and Ireland have similar rates of mortality as Australian born people. Effect of colonization on indigenous community: Psychological and physical health, social position and economic situation of aboriginal people deteriorated significantly after the colonization of Australia. Due to European colonization their traditional spiritual beliefs which were their identity started disappearing. Trying to adjust in a new lifestyle which was different from their way of life was stressful. European people at the time of arrival in Australia did not even consider indigenous people ‘human beings’ or equal to them. They moved aboriginals to those areas where natural resources were insufficient. Living in a poor condition away from their land affected their life mentally as well as physically. A lot of actions of European people affected psychological health of indigenous people. Aboriginal people were moved to reserves and they were not allowed to practice their own culture or speak their language. Their children were taken away from them to teach them European lifestyle in institutions where they lost their language and cultural identity in order to adopt new cultural values. Aboriginal people suffered a trauma of stolen generation as a result of assimilation policies of the Australian government that had direst relevance to the psychological issues of Australian indigenous. European colonization, family separation, loss of culture and land and racism are the main factors contributed to poor health and other issues in Australian aboriginal people. The social and cultural trouble experienced by Australian Aboriginals has had an intense effect on Aboriginals mental well-being. Indigenous Australians have had decades of transformations forced on them. Majority of indigenous people were facing poor living condition, unemployment and poverty which affected their overall health and well-being that resulted in chronic stress. Within few weeks of colonization aboriginal people start suffering from disease, like smallpox, that European people bought in Australia and it was one of the most immediate consequences which killed 50 % of aboriginal population. Introduction of a lot of diseases, loss of land and food and water resources, stolen generation and violence reduced their population by 90% in following years. Aboriginals were thousands in number before colonization but after that their number dropped down really quickly due to which they lost their culture and history. The health status and wellbeing of indigenous people was affected greatly by colonization and it still has a significant part in their health outcomes. Today diabetes, infectious diseases and renal failure are wide spread conditions in indigenous people which are linked to colonization somehow. Eating habits and life style of indigenous people is considered healthier before the colonization due to which they did not have all these epidemic diseases. They were physically strong even though they must have had some health concerns but the new and disrupted lifestyle worsens their health. Due to poor social and emotional health aboriginal people had to face disadvantage and poor outcomes lead them to intergenerational trauma. To deal with the symptoms of this trauma most of them adopted alcohol and substance abuse which according to them was a quick and short term solution. Alcohol and substance abuse and use to illicit drugs were one of the most negative impacts that European colonization has bought to indigenous Australians. Comparison of health in Indigenous people in other countries: Experiences of loss of traditional roles, a history of conflict and dispossession and failed assimilation are not isolated to indigenous Australians but have been experienced by indigenous peoples of other countries like who have been colonized. The history of Indigenous Australians is similar to the Indigenous populations of Canada, New Zeeland and the United States. Traditional life of Indigenous cultures was affected by the arrival of European settlers. It is unquestionably assured that the health of all aboriginal people around the world, after the trauma of colonization, has been significantly under threat to better maintain health. Out of all these countries, Canada, the United States and New Zeeland have somehow managed to improve the health status of indigenous communities but Australian aboriginal people are still suffering from worse condition. (Comparing aUstralian and conadian) As it has been established that health can be a reflection social determinants, it would be fair to say that the social status and relations of international indigenous people are further along than Australia. Canada, New Zealand and the United States all have specifically designed treaties of political, legal and cultural significance which were designed in consultation with the Indigenous people that have established indigenous and nonindigenous relations with ‘governments using treaties and treaty-making as part of a wider approach to developing a better relationship with and addressing the socio-economic problems of indigenous peoples’. The United Nations has estimated that there are about 370 million Indigenous people in the world today living in at least 70 countries (Secretariat of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 2009). An estimated seven million of these people live within the high income countries of the United States, Canada, Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia. These four nations share a colonial history associated primarily with the British that commenced between 400 and 500 years ago in the Northern hemisphere (US, Canada) and just over 220 years ago in the Southern hemisphere (Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand). Despite the vast difference in time and place, familiar stories of the colonisation experience and its lasting impact on the health status and challenges faced today in striving for recovery emerge as a shared legacy of unfinished business. Profound health and social inequities persist between Indigenous and non-indigenous populations of all four nations, as this paper and other evidence documents extensively.( Artilce ) https://www.lowitja.org.au/sites/default/files/docs/AustIndigneousHealthReport.pdf Health Promotion strategies and their effectiveness: Additional Interventions: A health impact assessment of the current governments Northern territory Emergency Response (NTER) points out that the Aboriginal understanding of health as having f ive dimensions ‘cultural, spiritual, social, emotional and physical-within which are a number of layers that ref lect historical, traditional and contemporary inf luences on health’ (O’Mara 2010,p.547). It is needed that Indigenous people have greater control over these dimension of their daily lives in order f or the indigenous disadvantage to be improved (Maddison 2009). O’Mara, P 2010, ‘Health Impacts of the Northern Territory Intervention: Af ter the Intervention Editorial’, The Medical Journal of Australia, vol .192, no.10, viewed 8 October 2010, pp.546-548, http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/192_10_170510/oma10307_f m.pdf . Brennan, S, Behrendt, L, Strelein, L Williams, G 2005, Treaty, The Federation Press, Sydney, NSW. In conclusion, it is clear that indigenous people are disadvantaged in relation to non-indigenous people’s health care. Health standard of indigenous people is not equally the same with non-indigenous people. The current disparity between the health of indigenous and non-indigenous people could be reduce by access and equity in health care, greater connectivity between indigenous people and their advocates, cultural sensitivity and cultural saf ety in all health care practices, community self -determinism and self empowerment on the basis of capacity building, public recognition of the unique needs and sensitivities of indigenous people, public awareness of the implications of environmental degradation and globalisation on indigenous people, and reconciliation with other people of the world . In order to promote Indigenous health in Australia, governments must work cooperatively with Indigenous elders and communities, in order to achieve effective results. http://scu.edu.au/schools/nhcp/aejne/archive/vol3-2/lmacervol3_2.html